Diagnosis and Treatment

Diagnostic Tools

• Electroencephalogram (EEG)
• Ambulatory EEG (AEEG)
• Intracranial EEG
• Stereo EEG and Robot-assisted Stereo EEG
• Epilepsy Monitoring Unit (EMU)
• MRI (magnetic resonance imaging)
• SPECT (single photon emission computed tomography)
• PET (positron emission tomography)
• MEG (magnetoencephalography)
• Brain Electrical Source Analysis
• TMS (Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation, ‘NexStim’)
• WADA test
• Neuropsychological Evaluation

---

Treatment Options

• Pharmacologic
• Ketogenic Diet: standard, modified Atkin’s, low-glycemic index
• Surgery
  • Curative
    • Focal Cortical Resection
    • Hemispherectomy, Hemispherotomy
    • Minimally Invasive Laser Ablation (thermocoagulation)
    • Frameless Stereotactic Image Guidance
    • Lobectomy – temporal, frontal, other
    • TPO (Temporal-Parietal-Occipital) Disconnection
    • Awake Craniotomy
    • Brain Mapping – intra & extra operative
  • Palliative
    • Neurostimulation Therapy
      • Vagus Nerve Stimulation
      • Responsive Neurostimulation
      • Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
    • Multiple subpial transection (MST)
    • Stereotactic Radiosurgery
    • Corpus Callosotomy (open, laser, or radiosurgical)
  • Post-operative Care (pediatric neurocritical care unit)