Rotavirus is a virus that causes severe diarrhea and vomiting, which can lead to dehydration and hospitalization. It is most common in infants and young children but older children can also become sick. Rotavirus spreads easily among young children, especially within families and childcare centers.
Infected individuals shed rotavirus in their stool (poop), which spreads to the environment and can infect other people. Infected individuals can spread the virus before symptoms appear, but they are most contagious when they have symptoms and during the first 3 days of illness. Symptoms of rotavirus include severe watery diarrhea, vomiting, fever, stomach pain, loss of appetite and dehydration. Vomiting and watery diarrhea can last 3 to 8 days.
Why does my child need protection against rotavirus?
There is no specific treatment for rotavirus once someone is infected. Treatment is supportive – focused on decreasing vomiting and encouraging hydration – and cannot eliminate the disease. Children who are not vaccinated typically experience more severe symptoms the first time they are infected while vaccinated children are much less likely to become seriously ill. Vaccination against rotavirus is the best way to protect your child from this potentially serious disease that causes diarrhea, vomiting and stomach pain.
Which vaccines protect against rotavirus?
Two types of rotavirus vaccines are available for infants in the U.S. – both are safe and effective. Each vaccine is given by mouth. RV5 is a three-dose series, while RV1 is a two-dose series. The first dose of either rotavirus vaccine must be given before your child turns 15 weeks of age, and the last dose must be given before 8 months of age.
Are they safe?
Yes, both rotavirus vaccines are very safe and effective and were tested in large clinical trials involving thousands of infants. Side effects from the vaccine are usually mild.
Are they effective?
Yes, rotavirus vaccines are effective at preventing severe disease in young children. Rotavirus vaccines are 80-90% effective at preventing rotavirus illness severe enough to cause hospitalization.